Koj paub pes tsawg txoj kev kho saum npoo?
Kev kho deg yog txheej txheem txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov txheej txheej saum npoo ntawm cov khoom siv substrate uas muaj cov khoom sib txawv, lub cev, thiab tshuaj lom neeg los ntawm substrate. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kho saum npoo yog ua kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion, hnav tsis kam, kho kom zoo nkauj, lossis lwm yam tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom. Niaj hnub no, peb yuav qhia qee txoj hauv kev kho mob saum npoo thiab saib seb koj paub ntau npaum li cas ~
1, Polishing
Polishing yog hais txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv txhua yam, tshuaj, los yog electrochemical quab yuam los txo qhov roughness ntawm lub workpiece, thiaj li yuav tau ib tug kaj thiab tiaj tus. Nws yog txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov kho qhov chaw ntawm lub workpiece siv polishing cov cuab yeej thiab abrasive hais los yog lwm yam xov xwm polishing. Polishing tsis tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov pom tseeb lossis geometric qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm, tab sis nws yog lub hom phiaj kom tau txais lub ntsej muag du lossis daim iav gloss, qee zaum kuj siv los tshem tawm gloss (extinction). Feem ntau, polishing log yog siv los ua cov cuab yeej polishing. Polishing log feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm stacking ntau txheej ntawm canvas, xav, los yog tawv, nrog hlau ncig daim hlau clamped rau ob sab. Lub npoo ntawm lub log yog coated nrog tus neeg saib xyuas polishing uniformly tov nrog micro abrasive thiab roj. Thaum lub sij hawm polishing, lub high-speed rotating polishing log (nrog ib ncig ntawm qhov ceev ntawm tshaj 20 meter/second) presses tawm tsam workpiece, ua rau abrasive yob thiab txiav me ntsis rau saum npoo ntawm lub workpiece, yog li tau txais ib tug abrasive. bright machining nto. Qhov roughness feem ntau tuaj yeem ncav cuag Ra0.63-0.01 micrometers; Thaum siv cov tsis muaj roj matte polishing cov neeg ua haujlwm, lub ntsej muag ci tuaj yeem ua matted los txhim kho cov tsos. Rau cov txheej txheem polishing sib txawv: polishing ntxhib (cov txheej txheem polishing), nruab nrab polishing (precision machining txheej txheem), thiab precision polishing (txheej txheem polishing), xaiv cov polishing uas tsim nyog tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov zoo tshaj plaws polishing nyhuv thiab txhim kho polishing efficiency.
2, Sandblasting
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ntxuav thiab roughening lub substrate nto los ntawm kev siv cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm high-ceev xuab zeb ntws. Siv cov cua compressed raws li lub zog, lub dav hlau ceev ceev yog tsim los rau cov khoom siv tshuaj tsuag (tooj liab ore xuab zeb, quartz xuab zeb, pob zeb diamond xuab zeb, hlau xuab zeb, Hainan xuab zeb) ntawm kev kub ceev mus rau saum npoo ntawm lub workpiece yuav tsum tau kho, ua rau muaj kev hloov. nyob rau hauv cov tsos los yog cov duab ntawm sab nrauv ntawm lub workpiece. Vim muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab kev cuam tshuam ntawm abrasives ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm, qhov chaw ua haujlwm tau txais qee qhov kev huv huv thiab qhov sib txawv roughness, kev txhim kho cov khoom siv ntawm lub workpiece nto, Yog li ntawd, kev qaug zog ntawm lub workpiece yog txhim kho, adhesion ntawm nws thiab txheej yog nce, lub durability ntawm lub txheej yog txuas ntxiv, thiab nws kuj yog ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov qib thiab kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm txheej.
III kab kos
Nws yog txoj kev kho saum npoo uas tsim cov kab ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm los ntawm kev sib tsoo cov khoom kom ua tiav cov teebmeem zoo nkauj. Raws li cov qauv sib txawv tom qab kos duab, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua: kos duab ncaj, kos duab tsis tu ncua, ripple, thiab kos duab kauv. Kev kho deg hlau yog ib txoj kev kho saum npoo uas ua cov kab ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm los ntawm kev sib tsoo cov khoom kom ua tiav cov teebmeem zoo nkauj. Vim nws lub peev xwm los cuam tshuam qhov kev ntxhib los mos ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hlau, kev kho deg hlau kos duab tau txais kev muaj koob meej thiab kev siv dav ntawm cov neeg siv.
4, Anodization
Cov txheej txheem electrolytic oxidation nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm aluminium thiab aluminium alloys feem ntau hloov mus rau hauv ib txheej ntawm oxide zaj duab xis, uas muaj kev tiv thaiv, zoo nkauj, thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Pib los ntawm cov ntsiab lus no, anodizing ntawm txhuas tsuas yog suav nrog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab anodized. Siv cov khoom siv hlau lossis hlau ua cov anodes, cov yeeb yaj kiab oxide yog tsim rau ntawm lawv qhov chaw los ntawm electrolysis. Cov yeeb yaj kiab hlau oxide hloov pauv lub xeev thiab cov khoom siv, xws li cov xim pleev xim rau saum npoo, txhim kho corrosion kuj, txhim kho hnav tsis kam thiab hardness, thiab tiv thaiv cov hlau nto. Piv txwv li, aluminium anodizing yuav tsum muab txhuas thiab nws cov alloys nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv electrolytes (xws li sulfuric acid, chromic acid, oxalic acid, thiab lwm yam) ua anodes, thiab ua electrolysis nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob thiab sab nraud tam sim no. Anodized aluminium los yog nws cov alloys yog oxidized, tsim ib txheej nyias ntawm txhuas oxide rau ntawm qhov chaw, nrog lub thickness ntawm 5-30 microns. Lub zog anodized oxide zaj duab xis tuaj yeem ncav cuag 25-150 microns. Anodized aluminium los yog nws cov alloys txhim kho lawv cov tawv tawv thiab hnav tsis kam, ncav cuag 250-500 kilograms ib square millimeter. Lawv muaj cov cua sov ua haujlwm zoo, lub siab melting point ntawm 2320K rau cov tawv anodized oxide zaj duab xis, zoo heev rwb thaiv tsev zog, thiab ib tug breakdown voltage kuj mus txog 2000V, txhim khu lawv corrosion kuj ω= 0.03 NaCl ntsev tsuag tsis corrode. rau ntau txhiab teev. Cov yeeb yaj kiab oxide nyias muaj cov micropores loj, uas tuaj yeem nqus tau ntau yam lubricants thiab tsim nyog rau kev tsim lub tog raj kheej lossis lwm yam hnav-tiv taus; Cov membrane micropores muaj zog adsorption muaj peev xwm thiab tuaj yeem ua xim rau ntau yam xim zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj. Cov hlau tsis muaj ferrous lossis lawv cov alloys (xws li txhuas, magnesium, thiab lawv cov alloys) tuaj yeem raug kho anodizing, uas yog siv dav hauv cov khoom siv tshuab, dav hlau thiab tsheb, cov cuab yeej precision thiab cov khoom siv hauv xov tooj cua, khoom siv txhua hnub, thiab kho kom zoo nkauj hauv tsev. Feem ntau hais lus, lub anode yog ua los ntawm txhuas lossis txhuas alloy, thaum lub cathode yog ua los ntawm txhuas phaj. Cov phaj txhuas thiab txhuas tau muab tso ua ke rau hauv cov tshuaj aqueous, uas muaj sulfuric acid, oxalic acid, chromic acid, thiab lwm yam, rau electrolysis los tsim cov oxide zaj duab xis rau saum npoo ntawm txhuas thiab txhuas daim hlau. Ntawm cov kua qaub no, qhov dav tshaj plaws yog anodic oxidation siv sulfuric acid.
txheej txheem ntws
Monochrome thiab gradient xim: polishing / sandblasting / kos duab → degreasing → anodizing → neutralization → dyeing → sealing → ziab
Dual xim: ① Polishing / sandblasting / kos duab → degreasing → shielding → anodizing 1 → anodizing 2 → sealing → ziab
② Polishing / sandblasting / kos duab → degreasing → anodizing 1 → laser engraving → anodizing 2 → sealing → ziab
Technical yam ntxwv
1. Txhim khu lub zog,
2. Ua txhua yam xim tshwj tsis yog dawb.
3. Paub txog nickel dawb sealing kom tau raws li cov nickel dawb cov cai ntawm cov teb chaws xws li Europe thiab Tebchaws Meskas.
5, Electrophoresis
Cov txheej txheem tau muab faib ua anodic electrophoresis thiab cathodic electrophoresis. Yog hais tias cov txheej txheej tsis zoo thiab cov khoom ua haujlwm yog anode, cov txheej txheej yuav tso ib zaj duab xis rau ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob, uas yog hu ua anodic electrophoresis; Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, yog tias cov txheej txheem txheej tau raug them zoo thiab cov khoom ua haujlwm yog cathode, qhov tso tawm ntawm txheej txheej ntawm lub workpiece yog hu ua cathodic electrophoresis.
Cov txheej txheem dav dav ntawm anodic electrophoresis yog raws li hauv qab no: kev kho ua ntej ntawm lub workpiece (degreasing → dej kub ntxuav → xeb tshem tawm → dej txias ntxuav → phosphating → dej kub ntxuav → passivation) → anodic electrophoresis → tom qab kho ntawm lub workpiece ( ntxuav dej huv → ziab).
1. Tshem cov roj. Cov tshuaj feem ntau yog kub alkaline tshuaj degreasing tov, nrog rau qhov kub ntawm 60 degree (steam cua sov) thiab ib lub sij hawm ntawm txog 20 feeb.
2. Kev ntxuav dej kub. Kub 60 degree (steam cua sov), lub sij hawm 2 feeb.
3. Rust removal. Using H2SO4 or HCl, such as hydrochloric acid rust removal solution, the total acidity of HCl should be ≥ 43 points; Free acidity>41 ntsiab lus; Ntxiv 1.5% tu tus neeg sawv cev; Ntxuav ntawm chav sov li 10-20 feeb.
4. Ntxuav nrog dej txias. Ntxuav nrog dej txias rau 1 feeb.
5. Phosphatization. Siv nruab nrab kub phosphating (phosphating ntawm 60 degree rau 10 feeb), cov tshuaj phosphating tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom lag luam tiav.
Cov txheej txheem saum toj no tuaj yeem hloov tau los ntawm sandblasting → dej ntxuav.
6. Passivation. Siv cov tshuaj uas sib haum nrog cov tshuaj phosphating (muab los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom muag cov tshuaj phosphating) thiab cia nws zaum hauv chav sov li 1-2 feeb.
7. Anodic electrophoresis. Electrolyte muaj pes tsawg leeg: H08-1 cov xim dub electrophoretic, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom seem 9% -12%, distilled dej pawg feem 88% -91%. Voltage: (70 ± 10) V; Sijhawm: 2-2.5 feeb; Xim kub: 15-35 degree ; Xim tshuaj pH tus nqi: 8-8.5. Nco ntsoov tua lub zog thaum lub workpiece nkag los yog tawm ntawm qhov zawj. Thaum cov txheej txheem electrophoresis, tam sim no maj mam txo qis thaum cov xim zaj duab xis thickens.
8. Ntxuav nrog dej huv. Ntxuav hauv dej txias.
9. Qhuav. Ci hauv qhov cub ntawm qhov kub ntawm (165 ± 5) degree rau 40-60 feeb.
VI PVD
PVD yog cov ntawv luv rau Lub Cev Vapor Deposition, uas yog hais txog kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg thiab kev siv hluav taws xob siab tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev. Gas tawm yog siv los evaporate lub hom phiaj cov khoom thiab ionize ob qho tib si evaporated tshuaj thiab roj. Cov nyhuv acceleration ntawm hluav taws xob teb yog siv los tso cov khoom evaporated thiab nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov khoom ntawm lub workpiece. Lub cev cov hlab ntsha inditional muaj cov txheej txheem yooj yim, ua cov pa paug, noj cov yeeb yaj kiab tsawg, thiab muaj cov nplaum ua tuab, thiab muaj cov nplaum muaj zog rau lub substrate. Cov tshuab no tau siv dav hauv aerospace, electronics, optics, machinery, kev tsim kho, lub teeb kev lag luam, metallurgy, cov ntaub ntawv thiab lwm yam kev lag luam. Nws tuaj yeem npaj cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg nrog cov yam ntxwv xws li hnav tsis kam, corrosion resistance, kho kom zoo nkauj, conductivity, rwb thaiv tsev, photoconductivity, piezoelectricity, magnetism, lubrication, superconductivity, thiab lwm yam.
7, electroplating
Electroplating yog txheej txheem ntawm plating ib txheej nyias ntawm lwm yam hlau lossis alloys ntawm qee qhov chaw hlau siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm electrolysis. Nws yog cov txheej txheem uas siv electrolysis los txuas cov yeeb yaj kiab hlau rau saum npoo ntawm cov hlau lossis lwm yam khoom siv, yog li tiv thaiv cov hlau oxidation (xws li xeb), txhim kho hnav tsis kam, conductivity, reflectivity, corrosion resistance (xws li tooj liab sulfate), thiab txhim khu kev zoo nkauj. Cov txheej txheej ntawm ntau npib kuj yog electroplated.
8, kev
Feem ntau hu ua etching, tseem hu ua photochemical etching, yog hais txog kev tshem tawm cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv ntawm thaj chaw yuav tsum tau etched tom qab raug phaj ua thiab kev loj hlob, thiab kev sib cuag nrog tshuaj tov thaum lub sij hawm etching kom tiav cov nyhuv ntawm dissolution corrosion, tsim. concave convex los yog hollow forming nyhuv.
Txheej txheem khiav:
Cov txheej txheem raug: Raws li cov duab kos duab, kev tsim vaj tsev yuav txiav txim siab qhov loj ntawm cov khoom siv, kev npaj cov khoom, cov khoom siv tu, ziab, daim ntawv thov zaj duab xis los yog txheej, ziab, raug, kev loj hlob, ziab, etching, tshem tawm zaj duab xis, thiab OK
Kev tshuaj ntsuam luam ntawv: txiav → ntxuav lub phaj (stainless hlau thiab lwm yam khoom siv hlau) → tshuaj ntsuam luam ntawv → etching → delamination → OK
9, Txau txheej
Txau txheej yog txheej txheej txheej uas siv rab phom los yog disc atomizer, nrog kev pab los ntawm lub zog los yog lub zog centrifugal, kom tawg mus rau hauv cov dej tsis sib xws thiab zoo, thiab siv rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom coated. Nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua huab cua txau, txau tsis muaj cua, tshuaj tsuag electrostatic, thiab ntau yam kev sib txuas ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj tsuag uas tau hais los saum toj no, xws li kev kub siab tsis tshua muaj siab atomization txau, thermal spraying, tsis siv neeg txau, ntau pab pawg txau, thiab lwm yam. muaj kev ua haujlwm siab ntau lawm thiab tsim nyog rau kev tuav haujlwm thiab kev lag luam automation ntau lawm. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kho vajtse, yas, rooj tog, tub rog kev lag luam, nkoj thiab lwm yam teb. Nws yog txheej txheem txheej txheej feem ntau niaj hnub no; Kev siv tshuaj tsuag yuav tsum muaj kev cob qhia tsis muaj plua plav nrog ib puag ncig kev xav tau txij li ib lab mus rau ib puas theem. Cov cuab yeej siv tshuaj tsuag muaj xws li rab phom txau, chav tshuaj pleev xim, chav pleev xim, kho qhov cub / lub qhov cub kom qhuav, tshuaj tsuag cov khoom siv thauj khoom, defogging thiab cov khoom siv kho dej khib nyiab, thiab cov cuab yeej siv tshuaj tua hluav taws. Kev kub siab thiab tsis tshua muaj siab atomization txau ua rau lub siab atomization qis thiab qis cua dav hlau tshaj tawm. Qhov qis atomization txheej kev khiav hauj lwm nrawm txhim kho qhov xwm txheej uas cov txheej txheem rov qab los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom coated. Cov xim pleev xim tau nce los ntawm 30% mus rau 40% ntawm cov huab cua zoo tib yam txau mus rau 65% mus rau 85%. Txau cov txheej rau ntawm cov tawv nqaij uas siv rab phom los yog tshuaj tsuag tshuab hauv cov tawv tawv.
10, Laser carving
Kuj hu ua laser engraving lossis laser npav, nws yog txheej txheem kho qhov muag uas siv cov qauv kho qhov muag.
Siv lub siab siv lub teeb tsom laser tawm los ntawm lub laser ntawm lub focal point Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kos yog kom nthuav tawm cov khoom sib sib zog nqus los ntawm cov evaporation ntawm cov khoom nto, los yog ua rau cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab lub cev hloov pauv hauv cov khoom nto los ntawm lub teeb lub zog, los yog hlawv tawm. Qee cov khoom siv los ntawm lub teeb lub zog thiab "kho" lawv, lossis hlawv tawm qee yam khoom los ntawm lub teeb lub zog thiab tso saib cov duab thiab cov ntawv xav tau.
