Kev paub yooj yim ntawm cov cuab yeej txiav, tsuas yog nyeem qhov no!

Tus nees zoo yuav tsum tau nruab nrog lub eeb, thiab cov cuab yeej CNC machining siab heev yuav tsum tau siv. Yog tias siv cov cuab yeej txiav tsis raug, nws tsis muaj txiaj ntsig! Kev xaiv cov cuab yeej tsim nyog muaj feem cuam tshuam rau lub neej kev pabcuam, kev ua haujlwm zoo, kev ua haujlwm zoo, thiab cov nqi ua haujlwm. Kab lus no muab kev paub zoo txog cov cuab yeej txiav. Sau thiab muab faib, cia peb kawm ua ke.
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Cov cuab yeej siv yuav tsum muaj cov yam ntxwv yooj yim
Kev xaiv cov khoom siv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub neej ntawm cov cuab yeej, kev ua haujlwm zoo, kev ua haujlwm zoo, thiab cov nqi ua haujlwm. Cov cuab yeej txiav yuav tsum tiv taus siab, kub siab, kev sib txhuam, kev cuam tshuam, thiab kev vibration thaum txiav. Yog li ntawd, cov cuab yeej siv yuav tsum muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
(1) Hardness thiab hnav tsis kam. Lub hardness ntawm cov cuab yeej siv yuav tsum siab tshaj ntawm cov khoom siv workpiece, feem ntau yuav tsum tau hardness ntawm 60HRC los yog siab dua. Qhov siab dua qhov hardness ntawm cov khoom siv, qhov zoo dua nws hnav tsis kam.
(2) Lub zog thiab toughness. Cov cuab yeej siv yuav tsum muaj lub zog siab thiab tawv kom tiv taus kev txiav quab yuam, kev cuam tshuam, thiab kev vibrations, thiab tiv thaiv nkig tawg thiab ntug kev tawg ntawm lub cuab yeej.
(3) Thaum tshav kub kub tsis kam. Cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo thaum tshav kub kub, tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias, thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv oxidation zoo.
(4) Cov txheej txheem kev ua tau zoo thiab kev lag luam. Cov cuab yeej siv yuav tsum muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo forging, kev kho cua sov, thiab kev ua haujlwm vuam; Kev sib tsoo kev ua tau zoo, thiab nrhiav kev ua haujlwm siab tus nqi sib piv.
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Hom, khoom, yam ntxwv, thiab kev siv ntawm cov khoom siv txiav
1. Pob zeb diamond txiav cov khoom siv
Pob zeb diamond yog ib qho allotrope ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide, thiab nws yog cov khoom siv nyuaj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej. Pob zeb diamond txiav cov cuab yeej muaj siab hardness, hnav tsis kam, thiab thermal conductivity, thiab yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev ua cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis yog-ferrous thiab non-metallic. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv high-speed txiav ntawm aluminium thiab silicon aluminium alloys, pob zeb diamond txiav cov cuab yeej yog lub ntsiab ntawm cov cuab yeej txiav uas nyuaj los hloov. Pob zeb diamond txiav cov cuab yeej uas tuaj yeem ua tiav kev ua haujlwm siab, kev ruaj ntseg siab, thiab lub neej ua haujlwm ntev yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv CNC machining niaj hnub.
⑴ Hom pob zeb diamond txiav cov cuab yeej
① Ntuj pob zeb diamond txiav cov cuab yeej: Ntuj pob zeb diamond muaj keeb kwm ntau tshaj li ib puas xyoo ua cov cuab yeej txiav. Tom qab kev sib tsoo zoo, ib leeg siv lead ua pob zeb diamond txiav cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem muaj cov npoo ntse heev, nrog lub vojvoog txiav txog li 0.002 μ m. Muaj peev xwm ua tiav ultra-nyias txiav thiab ua tiav cov haujlwm ua haujlwm siab heev thiab tsis tshua muaj qhov ntxhib, nws yog qhov lees paub, zoo tagnrho, thiab tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv ultra precision machining cuab yeej.
② PCD pob zeb diamond txiav cov cuab yeej: Ntuj pob zeb diamond yog kim, thiab polycrystalline pob zeb diamond (PCD) tseem siv dav hauv kev txiav. Txij li thaum xyoo 1970s, Polycrystalline pob zeb diamond npaj los ntawm high-temperature thiab high-pressure synthesis technology Tom qab kev vam meej ntawm Polycrystalline Pob Zeb Diamond (PCD) hniav, tej yam ntuj tso pob zeb diamond txiav cov cuab yeej tau hloov los ntawm dag polycrystalline pob zeb diamond nyob rau hauv ntau lub sijhawm. PCD raw cov ntaub ntawv muaj ntau, thiab lawv cov nqi tsuas yog ob peb kaum mus rau kaum npaug ntawm tej pob zeb diamond. PCD txiav cov cuab yeej tsis tuaj yeem zom cov npoo ntse heev, thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm tsis zoo li pob zeb diamond. Tam sim no, PCD txiav cov cuab yeej nrog nti tawg grooves tsis tuaj yeem tsim tau yooj yim hauv kev lag luam Zaj duab xis. Yog li ntawd, PCD tsuas yog siv rau precision txiav ntawm cov hlau tsis-ferrous thiab cov hlau tsis muaj hlau, ua rau nws nyuaj rau ua tiav ultra precision daim iav txiav.
③ CVD pob zeb diamond txiav cov cuab yeej: Txij li thaum lig 1970s mus rau thaum ntxov 1980s, CVD pob zeb diamond technology tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Nyiv. CVD pob zeb diamond hais txog kev sib txuas ntawm pob zeb diamond films ntawm heterogeneous substrates (xws li nyuaj alloys, ceramics, thiab lwm yam) siv tshuaj vapor deposition (CVD). CVD pob zeb diamond muaj cov qauv thiab cov yam ntxwv zoo li pob zeb diamond. Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm CVD pob zeb diamond zoo ib yam li cov pob zeb diamond ntuj, thiab nws ua ke cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm ib leeg siv lead ua pob zeb diamond thiab polycrystalline pob zeb diamond (PCD), uas rau qee qhov kov yeej lawv qhov tsis txaus.
⑵ Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej pob zeb diamond
① Tsis tshua muaj siab hardness thiab hnav tsis kam: Ntuj pob zeb diamond yog cov khoom hnyav tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej. Pob zeb diamond muaj qhov hnav tsis kam zoo heev. Thaum ua cov ntaub ntawv hardness siab, lub neej ntev ntawm pob zeb diamond txiav cov cuab yeej yog 10-100 lub sij hawm ntawm cov cuab yeej hard alloy, thiab txawm ntau pua zaus ntev dua.
② Muaj kev sib txhuam coefficient tsawg heev: Kev sib txhuam coefficient ntawm pob zeb diamond thiab qee cov hlau tsis muaj hlau yog qis dua lwm cov cuab yeej txiav, nrog kev sib txhuam coefficient tsawg thiab me me deformation thaum lub sij hawm machining, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov quab yuam.
③ Lub txiav ntug yog qhov ntse heev: lub txiav ntug ntawm cov cuab yeej pob zeb diamond tuaj yeem ua rau hauv av ntse heev, thiab cov cuab yeej siv lead ua pob zeb ntuj tuaj yeem ncav cuag siab li 0.002-0.008 μ m. Muaj peev xwm ntawm ultra-nyias txiav thiab ultra precision machining.
④ Muaj thermal conductivity: Pob zeb diamond muaj thermal conductivity thiab thermal diffusion tus nqi, thiab txiav cov cua sov yog yooj yim dissipated. Qhov ntsuas kub ntawm lub cuab yeej yog qis.
⑤ Muaj cov coefficient qis dua ntawm thermal expansion: Lub thermal expansion coefficient ntawm pob zeb diamond yog ob peb zaug me dua li ntawm cov tawv alloy, thiab qhov kev hloov ntawm cov cuab yeej loj los ntawm kev txiav cov cua sov me me, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau precision thiab ultra precision machining nrog. high-dimensional qhov yuav tsum tau.
Kev siv cov pob zeb diamond txiav cov cuab yeej
Pob zeb diamond txiav cov cuab yeej feem ntau yog siv rau kev txiav npluav thiab tho txawv ntawm cov khoom tsis-ferrous thiab non-metallic ntawm kev kub ceev. Haum rau kev ua ntau yam hnav-tiv taus cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis yog xim hlau, xws li fiberglass hmoov metallurgy blanks, cov ntaub ntawv ceramic, thiab lwm yam; Ntau yam hnav-resistant non-ferrous hlau, xws li ntau yam silicon aluminium alloys; Ntau yam uas tsis yog-ferrous hlau tiav txheej txheem.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm pob zeb diamond txiav cov cuab yeej yog lawv cov thermal stability tsis zoo. Thaum lub txiav kub siab tshaj 700 degree mus rau 800 degree, lawv hardness yuav ploj tag nrho; Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tsis haum rau kev txiav cov hlau dub vim tias pob zeb diamond (carbon) yooj yim cuam tshuam nrog cov hlau atoms ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, hloov cov pa roj carbon atoms rau hauv cov qauv graphite, ua rau cov cuab yeej tsis tshua muaj kev puas tsuaj.
2. Cubic boron nitride tej cuab yeej
Qhov thib ob superhard khoom, cubic boron nitride (CBN), ua ke siv ib txoj kev zoo ib yam li pob zeb diamond manufacturing, yog thib ob tsuas yog pob zeb diamond nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm hardness thiab thermal conductivity. Nws muaj thermal stability zoo heev thiab tsis oxidize thaum rhuab mus rau 10000C nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. CBN muaj cov khoom siv ruaj khov heev rau cov hlau dub thiab tuaj yeem siv dav hauv kev ua cov khoom hlau.
Hom cubic boron nitride tej cuab yeej
Cubic boron nitride (CBN) yog ib yam khoom uas tsis muaj nyob hauv cov xwm txheej thiab tuaj yeem muab faib ua ib qho siv lead ua thiab polycrystalline, uas yog CBN ib leeg siv lead ua thiab polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN). CBN yog ib qho ntawm cov isomers ntawm boron nitride (BN), nrog cov qauv zoo ib yam li pob zeb diamond.
PCBN (Polycrystalline Cubic Boron Nitride) yog cov khoom siv polycrystalline uas sinters zoo CBN cov ntaub ntawv ua ke los ntawm kev sib khi theem (TiC, TiN, Al, Ti, thiab lwm yam) nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias. Tam sim no nws yog qhov thib ob cov cuab yeej nyuaj tshaj plaws cov khoom siv hluavtaws, thiab ua ke nrog pob zeb diamond, nws raug xa mus rau cov khoom siv superhard. PCBN feem ntau yog siv los ua cov cuab yeej txiav lossis lwm yam cuab yeej.
PCBN txiav cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem muab faib ua ib qho PCBN cov hniav thiab PCBN cov hniav sib xyaw sintered nrog cov khoom sib xyaw nyuaj.
PCBN composite blades yog tsim los ntawm sintering ib txheej ntawm O. Nws qhov kev ua tau zoo sib xyaw ua ke zoo toughness, siab hardness, thiab hnav tsis kam, daws cov teeb meem ntawm qhov tsis muaj zog dabtsi yog khoov thiab vuam nyuaj ntawm CBN hniav.
Cov khoom tseem ceeb thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cubic boron nitride
Txawm hais tias lub hardness ntawm cubic boron nitride yog me ntsis qis dua pob zeb diamond, nws yog ntau dua li lwm cov ntaub ntawv siab hardness. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm CBN yog tias nws cov thermal stability ntau dua li cov pob zeb diamond, ncav cuag tshaj 1200 degree (700-800 degree rau pob zeb diamond), thiab lwm qhov zoo dua yog nws cov tshuaj muaj zog inertness, uas tsis hnov ​​​​mob nrog cov hlau. ntawm 1200-1300 degree . Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cubic boron nitride yog raws li hauv qab no.
① High hardness thiab hnav tsis kam: CBN siv lead ua qauv zoo ib yam li pob zeb diamond, zoo li hardness thiab lub zog rau pob zeb diamond. PCBN tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim rau kev ua cov ntaub ntawv hardness uas tsuas yog hauv av ua ntej, thiab tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm.
② Nws muaj cov thermal stability siab: lub tshav kub tsis kam ntawm CBN tuaj yeem ncav cuag 1400-1500 degree, uas yuav luag 1 npaug siab dua qhov kub tsis kam ntawm pob zeb diamond (700-800 degree ). PCBN cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem txiav cov hlau kub kub thiab quenched steel ntawm qhov ceev 3-5 zaus siab dua cov cuab yeej hard alloy.
③ Kev ruaj ntseg tshuaj zoo heev: Nws tsis hnov ​​​​tsw tshuaj nrog cov khoom siv hlau txawm tias qhov kub ntawm 1200-1300 degree , thiab tsis hnav zoo li pob zeb diamond. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, nws tseem tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov hardness ntawm hard alloys; PCBN txiav cov cuab yeej tsim nyog rau kev txiav quenched steel qhov chaw thiab txias cam khwb cia hlau, thiab tuaj yeem siv dav rau kev kub ceev txiav ntawm cam khwb cia hlau.
④ Muaj cov thermal conductivity zoo: Txawm hais tias cov thermal conductivity ntawm CBN tsis tuaj yeem ntes nrog pob zeb diamond, thermal conductivity ntawm PCBN tsuas yog thib ob rau pob zeb diamond hauv ntau yam khoom siv, ntau dua li cov hlau kub ceev thiab tawv alloys.
⑤ Muaj qhov qis coefficient ntawm kev sib txhuam: Qhov qis coefficient ntawm kev sib txhuam tuaj yeem ua rau txo qis hauv kev txiav, txo qhov kub thiab txias, thiab txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw thaum lub tshuab ua haujlwm.
Kev siv cov cubic boron nitride txiav cov cuab yeej
Cubic boron nitride yog tsim rau precision machining ntawm ntau yam nyuaj rau txiav cov ntaub ntawv xws li quenched steel, nyuaj cam khwb cia hlau, high-temperature alloys, nyuaj alloys, thiab nto tshuaj tsuag cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov tseeb machining tuaj yeem ncav cuag IT5 (lub qhov IT6), thiab tus nqi ntawm qhov roughness tuaj yeem qis li Ra1.25-0.20 μ M.
Lub toughness thiab dabtsi yog khoov lub zog ntawm cubic boron nitride txiav cov cuab yeej yog tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, cubic boron nitride tig cov cuab yeej tsis haum rau kev ua haujlwm ntxhib ntawm qhov nrawm thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam loj; Nws tsis haum rau kev txiav cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov yas siab, xws li txhuas alloys, tooj liab alloys, npib tsib xee raws alloys, thiab steel nrog high plasticity, vim hais tias kev txiav cov hlau no yuav tsim cov chips loj heev, uas yuav deteriorate lub machining nto.
3. Ceramic tej cuab yeej cuab tam
Ceramic tej cuab yeej muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm siab hardness, zoo hnav tsis kam, zoo heev tshav kub tsis kam thiab tshuaj stability, thiab tsis yooj yim rau daim ntawv cog lus nrog hlau. Ceramic txiav cov cuab yeej ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv CNC machining, thiab tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov cuab yeej txiav tseem ceeb rau kev txiav ceev ceev thiab nyuaj rau cov khoom siv tshuab. Ceramic tej cuab yeej yog dav siv nyob rau hauv high-speed txiav, txiav qhuav, txiav nyuaj, thiab txiav nyuaj rau cov khoom siv tshuab. Ceramic txiav cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem ua cov ntaub ntawv siab hardness uas tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm cov cuab yeej txiav tsoos, ua tiav "tig es tsis txhob sib tsoo"; Qhov zoo tshaj plaws txiav ceev ntawm ceramic txiav cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem yog 2 mus rau 10 npaug siab dua li cov cuab yeej txiav nyuaj, txhim kho kev tsim khoom ntawm kev txiav; Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb siv rau cov cuab yeej txiav ceramic yog cov ntsiab lus ntau tshaj plaws hauv lub ntiaj teb crust. Yog li ntawd, kev nce qib thiab kev siv cov cuab yeej txiav ceramic yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho cov khoom lag luam, txo cov nqi ua haujlwm, thiab txuag cov tswv yim zoo heev. Nws kuj tseem yuav txhawb nqa kev nce qib ntawm kev siv tshuab txiav.
⑴ Hom khoom siv ceramic
Cov khoom siv ceramic feem ntau tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg: alumina raws li ceramics, silicon nitride raws li ceramics, thiab cov khoom siv silicon nitride alumina raws li ceramics. Ntawm lawv, alumina raws thiab silicon nitride raws li cov khoom siv ceramic yog cov khoom siv dav tshaj plaws. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm silicon nitride raws li ceramics yog superior rau ntawm alumina raws li ceramics.
⑵ Kev ua tau zoo thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov cuab yeej ceramic
① High hardness thiab zoo hnav tsis kam: Txawm hais tias hardness ntawm ceramic txiav cov cuab yeej tsis siab li PCD thiab PCBN, nws yog qhov siab dua li ntawm cov tawv alloy thiab high-speed steel txiav cov cuab yeej, ncav cuag 93-95HRA. Ceramic txiav cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem ua cov ntaub ntawv nyuaj uas nyuaj rau tshuab nrog cov cuab yeej ib txwm ua, ua rau lawv tsim nyog rau kev txiav ceev thiab txiav nyuaj.
② Kub kub tsis kam thiab kub tsis kam: Ceramic tej cuab yeej tseem tuaj yeem txiav ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 1200 degree. Ceramic txiav cov cuab yeej muaj cov cuab yeej kub kub zoo heev, thiab oxidation tsis kam ntawm A12O3 ceramic txiav cov cuab yeej yog qhov zoo. Txawm tias thaum txiav ntug nyob rau hauv lub xeev kub liab, nws tuaj yeem siv tsis tu ncua. Yog li ntawd, cov cuab yeej txiav ceramic tuaj yeem ua tiav txiav qhuav, yog li txuag cov kua dej.
③ Kev ruaj ntseg tshuaj zoo: Ceramic tej cuab yeej tsis yooj yim rau kev sib txuas nrog cov hlau, thiab yog corrosion-resistant nrog zoo tshuaj stability, uas tuaj yeem txo cov nplaum hnav ntawm cov cuab yeej txiav.
④ Tsis tshua muaj kev sib txhuam coefficient: Ceramic tej cuab yeej muaj ib tug tsawg affinity nrog hlau, uas ua rau ib tug tsawg kev sib txhuam coefficient uas yuav txo tau txiav quab yuam thiab txiav kub.
⑶ Ceramic riam muaj daim ntawv thov
Ceramics yog ib qho ntawm cov cuab yeej siv feem ntau yog siv rau high-speed precision machining thiab semi precision machining. Ceramic txiav cov cuab yeej tsim nyog rau kev txiav ntau yam cam khwb cia hlau (grey cam khwb cia hlau, ductile hlau, malleable cam khwb cia hlau, txias hard cam khwb cia hlau, siab alloy hnav-resistant cam khwb cia hlau) thiab hlau (carbon structural steel, alloy structural steel, high-lub zog steel. , siab manganese steel, quenched steel, thiab lwm yam), thiab tseem tuaj yeem siv los txiav tooj liab alloys, graphite, engineering plastics, thiab cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw.
Cov khoom siv ceramic muaj teeb meem nrog lub zog qis qis thiab tsis zoo cuam tshuam rau lub zog, ua rau lawv tsis tsim nyog rau kev txiav ntawm qhov qis qis thiab qis qis.
4. Cov khoom siv txheej txheej
Txheej cov cuab yeej txiav yog ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb los txhim kho lawv cov kev ua tau zoo. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov cuab yeej coated txiav tau ua qhov tseem ceeb hauv lawv cov kev ua haujlwm txiav. Coated txiav cov cuab yeej yog cov uas yog coated nrog ib los yog ntau txheej ntawm refractory tebchaw nrog zoo hnav tsis kam ntawm lub cev cuab yeej nrog zoo toughness. Lawv muab cov cuab yeej matrix nrog cov txheej tawv tawv, yog li txhim kho cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm tau zoo. Coated tej cuab yeej tuaj yeem txhim kho machining efficiency, txhim kho machining raug, txuas lub neej ntawm cov cuab yeej, thiab txo cov nqi machining.
Txog 80% ntawm cov cuab yeej txiav siv hauv cov cuab yeej siv tshuab CNC tshiab siv cov cuab yeej coated. Coated txiav cov cuab yeej yuav yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm CNC machining yav tom ntej.
⑴ Hom coated tej cuab yeej
Raws li cov txheej txheem sib txawv, cov cuab yeej coated tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov cuab yeej siv tshuaj vapor deposition (CVD) coated thiab lub cev vapor deposition (PVD) coated cov cuab yeej. Coated hard alloy txiav cov cuab yeej feem ntau siv tshuaj vapor deposition txoj kev, nrog ib tug deposition kub ntawm ib ncig ntawm 1000 degree. Coated high-speed steel tej cuab yeej feem ntau siv lub cev vapor deposition txoj kev, nrog ib tug deposition kub ntawm ib ncig ntawm 500 degree;
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv coated, cov cuab yeej coated tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov cuab yeej hard alloy coated, high-speed steel coated cov cuab yeej, thiab coated cov cuab yeej ntawm ceramics thiab superhard cov ntaub ntawv (pob zeb diamond thiab cubic boron nitride).
Raws li cov khoom ntawm txheej txheej, cov cuab yeej coated tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg, uas yog cov cuab yeej "nyuaj" coated thiab "mos" coated cov cuab yeej. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ua raws li "nyuaj" coated txiav cov cuab yeej yog siab hardness thiab hnav tsis kam, nrog lub ntsiab zoo ntawm hardness siab thiab zoo hnav tsis kam, feem ntau yog TiC thiab TiN txheej. Lub hom phiaj nrhiav los ntawm "mos" coated cov cuab yeej yog cov kev sib txhuam coefficient tsawg, los yog cov cuab yeej siv tus kheej lubricating. Nws qhov kev sib txhuam coefficient nrog cov khoom siv ua haujlwm tsawg heev, tsuas yog hais txog 0.1, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov adhesion, txo kev sib txhuam, thiab txo qis txiav quab yuam thiab txiav kub.
Tsis ntev los no, cov cuab yeej nano txheej tau tsim. Cov cuab yeej coated no tuaj yeem siv sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txheej (xws li hlau / hlau, hlau / ceramic, ceramic / ceramic, thiab lwm yam) kom ua tau raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm. Cov txheej txheem nano zoo tsim tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom siv nrog kev sib txhuam zoo heev, tiv thaiv hnav, thiab nws tus kheej lubricating zog, ua rau lawv haum rau kev kub ceev qhuav.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm coated tej cuab yeej
① Zoo txhua yam thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo: Coated txiav cov cuab yeej ua ke cov khoom zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hauv substrate thiab txheej txheej, tuav zoo toughness thiab siab zog ntawm lub substrate, nrog rau siab hardness, hnav tsis kam, thiab tsis tshua muaj kev sib txhuam coefficient ntawm txheej. Yog li ntawd, kev txiav ceev ntawm cov cuab yeej coated tuaj yeem nce ntau dua li ob zaug piv rau cov cuab yeej tsis muaj coated, thiab cov nqi pub ntau dua tau tso cai. Lub neej ntev ntawm cov cuab yeej txiav coated kuj tau txhim kho.
② Muaj zog versatility: Coated cov cuab yeej muaj ntau yam ntawm versatility thiab ho nthuav cov kev ua ntau yam. Ib lub cuab yeej coated tuaj yeem hloov ntau yam tsis muaj coated.
③ Txheej thickness: Raws li cov txheej thickness nce, lub cuab tam lub neej kuj nce, tab sis thaum txheej thickness ncav cuag saturation, lub cuab tam lub neej yuav tsis nce ho. Thaum lub txheej yog tuab heev, nws yog ib qho yooj yim ua rau tev; Thaum cov txheej txheej nyias dhau lawm, kev hnav tsis zoo.

④ Regrindability: Coated blades muaj tsis zoo Regrindability, complex txheej txheej, cov txheej txheem siab, thiab ntev txheej txheej.
⑤ Cov ntaub ntawv txheej: Cov cuab yeej txiav nrog cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev txiav. Piv txwv li, thaum lub sij hawm tsawg-ceev txiav, TiC txheej muaj qhov zoo dua; TiN yog tsim nyog rau kev kub ceev txiav.
Kev siv cov cuab yeej coated txiav
Coated txiav cov cuab yeej muaj peev xwm zoo hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm CNC machining thiab yuav yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau yav tom ntej. Txheej txheej tshuab tau siv rau qhov kawg mills, reamers, laum cov khoom, cov cuab yeej sib xyaw ua haujlwm, iav hobbing cutters, iav hobbing cutters, iav shaving cutters, tsim broaches, thiab ntau lub tshuab clamp indexable inserts, ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev kub ceev txiav. ntau yam ntaub ntawv xws li steel thiab cam khwb cia hlau, tshav kub-resistant alloys, thiab non-ferrous hlau.
5. Hard alloy tej cuab yeej siv
Hard alloy tej cuab yeej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog indexable hard alloy tej cuab yeej, yog cov khoom ntawm CNC machining cov cuab yeej. Txij li thaum xyoo 1980s, ntau hom kev sib koom ua ke thiab indexable hard alloy txiav cov cuab yeej lossis cov hniav tau nthuav dav rau ntau yam cuab yeej txiav. Ntawm lawv, indexable hard alloy txiav cov cuab yeej tau nthuav dav los ntawm cov cuab yeej tig yooj yim thiab lub ntsej muag milling cutters mus rau ntau yam precision, complex, thiab tsim cov cuab yeej.
⑴ Hom tawv alloy txiav cov cuab yeej
Raws li cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov alloys nyuaj tuaj yeem muab faib ua tungsten carbide raws li cov alloys nyuaj thiab titanium carbide (TiC (N)) raws li cov alloys nyuaj.
Tungsten carbide raws li cov alloys nyuaj suav nrog peb hom: tungsten cobalt (YG), tungsten cobalt titanium (YT), thiab tsawg carbides ntxiv (YW), txhua tus muaj nws tus kheej zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Cov khoom tseem ceeb yog tungsten carbide (WC), titanium carbide (TiC), tantalum carbide (TaC), niobium carbide (NbC), thiab lwm yam. Cov txheej txheem siv hlau feem ntau yog Co.
Carbon (nitrogen) titanium raws li nyuaj alloy yog ib qho nyuaj alloy tsuas yog tsim los ntawm TiC (qee nrog ntxiv ntawm lwm cov carbides los yog nitrides), thiab cov feem ntau siv hlau sib txuas theem yog Mo thiab Ni.
ISO (International Organization for Standardization) faib txiav cov alloys nyuaj rau hauv peb pawg:
K-chav kawm, suav nrog Kl0-K40, yog sib npaug rau YG chav kawm hauv Suav teb (tsuas yog tsim los ntawm WC. Co).
P-chav kawm, suav nrog P01-P50, yog sib npaug rau YT chav kawm hauv Suav teb (tsuas yog tsim los ntawm WC. TiC. Co).
M chav kawm, suav nrog M10 ~ M40, sib npaug rau YW chav kawm hauv Suav teb (tsuas yog tsim los ntawm WC TiC TaC (NbC) - Co).
A series ntawm alloys xws li siab hardness mus rau qhov siab tshaj plaws toughness yog sawv cev los ntawm cov zauv ntawm 01 thiab 50 rau txhua qib.
⑵ Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej hard alloy
① High hardness: Hard alloy txiav cov cuab yeej yog tsim los ntawm cov hmoov metallurgy ntawm carbides (hu ua nyuaj theem) thiab hlau binders (hu ua bonding phases) nrog siab hardness thiab melting point. Lawv hardness ncav cuag 89-93HRA, uas yog ntau dua li ntawm high-ceev steel. Ntawm 5400C, lawv qhov hardness tseem tuaj yeem ncav cuag 82-87HRA, uas yog tib yam li cov hlau kub ceev ntawm chav tsev kub (83-86HRA). Lub hardness tus nqi ntawm cov alloys nyuaj sib txawv nrog cov khoom, kom muaj nuj nqis, particle loj, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm hlau bonding theem ntawm carbides, thiab feem ntau txo nrog ib tug nce nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm bonding hlau theem. Thaum cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov nplaum yog tib yam, qhov hardness ntawm YT hom alloys siab dua li ntawm YG hom alloys, thiab alloys nrog ntxiv TaC (NbC) muaj qhov kub thiab txias hardness.
② dabtsi yog khoov lub zog thiab toughness: Lub zog dabtsi yog khoov ntawm feem ntau siv tawv alloys li ntawm 900 txog 1500MPa. Qhov siab dua cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau sib txuas theem, qhov siab dua qhov khoov lub zog. Thaum cov ntsiab lus nplaum zoo ib yam, lub zog ntawm YG hom (WC Co) alloy yog siab dua li ntawm YT hom (WC TiC Co) alloy, thiab lub zog txo nrog qhov nce ntawm TiC cov ntsiab lus. Cov khoom siv tawv tawv yog cov khoom siv tawv tawv, thiab nws qhov cuam tshuam toughness ntawm chav tsev kub tsuas yog 1/30-1/8 ntawm high-speed steel.
Kev siv cov cuab yeej siv hard alloy txiav
YG hom alloys yog siv los ua cov hlau cam khwb cia, cov hlau tsis muaj hlau, thiab cov khoom tsis yog hlau. Fine grained hard alloys (xws li YG3X, YG6X) muaj hardness siab dua thiab hnav tsis kam tshaj li nruab nrab grained hard alloys thaum lawv cov ntsiab lus cobalt zoo ib yam. Lawv tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb nyuaj cam khwb cia hlau, austenitic stainless hlau, tshav kub-resistant alloys, titanium alloys, tawv bronze, thiab hnav-resistant rwb thaiv tsev cov ntaub ntawv.
Qhov zoo ntawm YT hom tawv alloys yog siab hardness, zoo tshav kub tsis kam, siab zog hardness thiab compressive zog ntawm high kub piv rau YG hom, thiab zoo oxidation kuj. Yog li ntawd, thaum nws yuav tsum tau hais tias cov riam muaj kub tsis kam thiab hnav tsis kam, yuav tsum tau xaiv cov qib nrog cov ntsiab lus TiC siab dua. YT hom alloys tsim nyog rau kev ua cov ntaub ntawv yas xws li hlau, tab sis tsis haum rau kev ua cov titanium alloys lossis silicon aluminium alloys.
YW hom alloys muaj cov khoom ntawm YG thiab YT hom alloys, nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo. Lawv tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv hlau, nrog rau kev ua cov hlau cam khwb cia thiab cov hlau tsis muaj hlau. Yog hais tias cov ntsiab lus cobalt yog qhov tsim nyog, cov alloy no tuaj yeem muaj lub zog siab thiab tuaj yeem siv rau kev ua haujlwm ntxhib thiab sib cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam nyuaj rau cov khoom siv tshuab.
6. Kev kub ceev steel txiav cov cuab yeej
High Speed ​​Steel (HSS) yog ib hom hlau alloy siab uas muaj cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm alloying xws li W, Mo, Cr, thiab V. Kev kub ceev steel txiav cov cuab yeej muaj kev ua tau zoo heev ntawm lub zog, toughness, thiab kev ua tau zoo. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev txiav cov cuab yeej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev tsim lub qhov ua cov cuab yeej, milling cutters, xov txiav cov cuab yeej, kos duab cutters, iav txiav cov cuab yeej, thiab lwm yam complex ntug zoo li tus txiav cov cuab yeej, high-ceev steel tseem occupies lub ntsiab txoj hauj lwm. Kev kub ceev steel tej cuab yeej yog ib qho yooj yim rau grind ntse txiav npoo.
Raws li kev siv sib txawv, kev kub ceev steel tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov hom phiaj siab ceev steel thiab kev ua haujlwm siab ua haujlwm siab.
⑴ Universal high-speed steel txiav cov cuab yeej
Universal high-speed hlau. Feem ntau, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg: tungsten steel thiab tungsten molybdenum steel. Hom kev kub ceev no muaj (C) txij li 0.7% mus rau 0.9%. Raws li cov ntsiab lus sib txawv tungsten hauv cov hlau, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua tungsten steel nrog W cov ntsiab lus ntawm 12% lossis 18%, tungsten molybdenum steel nrog W cov ntsiab lus ntawm 6% lossis 8%, thiab molybdenum steel nrog W cov ntsiab lus ntawm 2. % los yog tsis muaj W. Universal high-speed steel muaj qee yam hardness (63-66HRC) thiab hnav tsis kam, siab zog thiab toughness, zoo plasticity thiab processability, thiab yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim ntawm ntau yam complex tej cuab yeej.
① Tungsten steel: Cov qib zoo ntawm cov hom phiaj siab ceev steel tungsten steel yog W18Cr4V, (hu ua W18), uas muaj cov khoom zoo thiab qhov kub siab hardness ntawm 48.5HRC ntawm 6000C. Nws tuaj yeem siv los tsim ntau yam cuab yeej txiav nyuaj. Nws muaj qhov zoo xws li kev sib tsoo zoo thiab tsis tshua muaj decarburization rhiab heev, tab sis vim muaj cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm carbides, kev faib tsis sib luag, cov khoom loj dua, thiab tsis tshua muaj zog thiab toughness.
② Tungsten molybdenum steel: yog hais txog lub siab ceev hlau tau los ntawm kev hloov ib feem ntawm tungsten hauv tungsten steel nrog molybdenum. Cov qib raug ntawm tungsten molybdenum steel yog W6Mo5Cr4V2, abbreviated li M2. Carbide hais ntawm M2 yog me me thiab sib xws, muaj zog zoo dua, toughness, thiab high-temperature plasticity tshaj W18Cr4V. Lwm hom tungsten molybdenum steel yog W9Mo3Cr4V (abbreviated li W9), uas muaj me ntsis thermal stability dua M2 steel, zoo bending zog thiab toughness tshaj W6M05Cr4V2, thiab muaj zoo machinability.
⑵ Kev ua haujlwm siab ceev steel txiav cov cuab yeej
Kev ua haujlwm siab ceev hlau yog hais txog hom tshiab ntawm cov hlau uas ntxiv qee cov ntsiab lus carbon thiab vanadium, nrog rau cov ntsiab lus alloy xws li Co thiab Al, rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hom phiaj siab ceev hlau, txhawm rau txhim kho nws cov cua sov. tsis kam thiab hnav tsis kam. Feem ntau muaj cov pawg hauv qab no:
① High carbon high-speed steel. High carbon high-speed steel (xws li 95W18Cr4V) muaj qhov nyuaj ntawm chav tsev kub thiab kub, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev tsim thiab ua cov hlau zoo tib yam thiab cam khwb cia hlau, laum khoom, reamers, kais dej, thiab milling cutters nrog siab hnav tsis kam, los yog txiav cov cuab yeej rau kev ua cov ntaub ntawv nyuaj. Nws tsis tsim nyog los tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam loj.
② High vanadium high-speed hlau. Cov qib zoo, xws li W12Cr4V4Mo (hu ua EV4), nce V cov ntsiab lus rau 3% -5%, muaj kev hnav zoo, thiab tsim nyog rau kev txiav cov ntaub ntawv uas ua rau cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb hnav, xws li fibers, tawv roj hmab. , plastics, thiab lwm yam. Lawv tuaj yeem siv rau kev ua cov ntaub ntawv xws li cov hlau tsis muaj steel, cov hlau muaj zog, thiab cov hlau kub kub.
③ Cobalt high-speed hlau. Nws belongs rau cobalt uas muaj superhard high-speed steel, nrog rau cov qib zoo xws li W2Mo9Cr4VCo8 (hu ua M42), uas muaj hardness siab thiab ncav cuag 69-70HRC. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kub-resistant steel, high-temperature alloys, titanium alloys thiab lwm yam nyuaj rau cov khoom siv tshuab. M42 muaj kev sib tsoo zoo thiab tsim nyog rau kev ua kom zoo thiab cov cuab yeej txiav nyuaj, tab sis nws tsis haum rau kev ua hauj lwm hauv kev cuam tshuam tej yam kev mob.
④ Aluminium high-speed steel. Nws belongs rau txhuas uas muaj superhard high-speed steel, nrog rau cov qib xws li W6Mo5Cr4V2Al (xa mus rau 501). Qhov kub-kub hardness ntawm 6000C kuj nce mus txog 54HRC, thiab txiav kev ua tau zoo sib npaug rau M42. Nws yog tsim rau kev tsim milling cutters, laum khoom, reamers, iav txiav cov cuab yeej, broaches, thiab lwm yam., thiab yog siv rau kev ua cov hlau alloy, stainless hlau, high-strength steel, thiab high-temperature alloys.
⑤ Nitrogen superhard high-speed hlau. Ib qib raug, xws li W12M03Cr4V3N, luv luv li V3N, yog nitrogen uas muaj superhard high-speed steel nrog hardness, lub zog, thiab toughness piv rau M42. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua ib qho kev hloov pauv rau cobalt uas muaj cov hlau kub ceev rau kev txiav qis ntawm cov khoom siv tshuab nyuaj thiab qis-ceev high-precision machining.
⑶ Melting high-speed steel thiab hmoov metallurgy high-speed steel
Raws li cov txheej txheem kev tsim khoom sib txawv, cov hlau ceev ceev tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov hlau kub ceev thiab hmoov metallurgy high-speed steel.
① Melting high-speed steel: Ob qho tib si high-speed steel thiab high-speed steel yog tsim los ntawm kev siv txoj kev melting. Lawv raug tsim los rau hauv cov cuab yeej txiav los ntawm cov txheej txheem xws li smelting, ingot casting, thiab plating thiab dov. Qhov teeb meem loj uas yuav tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm melting ntawm high-speed steel yog carbide segregation. Hard thiab brittle carbides yog unevenly faib nyob rau hauv high-ceev steel, thiab cov grain loj yog ntxhib (txog kaum ntawm micrometers), uas muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau hnav tsis kam, toughness, thiab txiav kev ua tau zoo ntawm high-ceev steel txiav cov cuab yeej.
② Powder Metallurgical High Speed ​​Steel (PM HSS): Hmoov Metallurgical High Speed ​​Steel (PM HSS) yog cov kua hlau ua kom yaj hauv lub qhov cub hluav taws xob ntau zaus, uas yog atomized nrog high-pressure argon lossis cov pa ntshiab nitrogen, thiab tom qab ntawd txias sai heev. kom tau txais cov qauv me me thiab zoo li crystalline (high-speed steel hmoov). Cov hmoov nplej uas tau tshwm sim yog nias rau hauv lub cuab yeej txiav qhov khoob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, lossis ua ntej ua rau hauv cov hlau steel thiab tom qab ntawd forged thiab dov rau hauv cov cuab yeej txiav. Piv nrog rau cov hlau kub ceev uas tsim los ntawm txoj kev melting, PM HSS muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom me me thiab cov carbide zoo, txhim kho lub zog, tawv, thiab hnav tsis kam piv rau cov hlau kub ceev. PM HSS cov cuab yeej yuav txuas ntxiv txhim kho thiab tuav txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov cuab yeej CNC complex. Cov qib zoo, xws li F15, FR71, GFl, GF2, GF3, PT1, PVN, thiab lwm yam, tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov khoom loj, hnyav, thiab cuam tshuam cov cuab yeej txiav, nrog rau cov cuab yeej txiav txiav.
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Cov txheej txheem xaiv cov khoom siv CNC
Cov cuab yeej siv dav hauv CNC tam sim no suav nrog cov cuab yeej pob zeb diamond, cov cuab yeej cubic boron nitride, cov cuab yeej ceramic, cov cuab yeej coated, cov cuab yeej nyuaj alloy, thiab cov cuab yeej siv high-speed steel. Muaj ntau ntau qib ntawm cov khoom siv txiav, thiab lawv qhov kev ua tau zoo sib txawv heev. Cov kev ntsuas tseem ceeb ntawm ntau yam khoom siv tau pom nyob rau hauv cov lus hauv qab no.
Lub ntsiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm ntau yam khoom siv txiav

Kev xaiv cov cuab yeej cuab tam rau CNC machining yuav tsum yog raws li cov khoom ua tiav thiab cov khoom siv machining. Kev xaiv cov khoom siv cuab yeej yuav tsum sib haum nrog cov khoom siv machining. Kev sib piv ntawm cov cuab yeej txiav cov cuab yeej nrog cov khoom siv machining feem ntau yog hais txog kev sib txuam ntawm lawv cov khoom siv kho tshuab, lub cev, thiab tshuaj lom neeg, thiaj li ua tiav cov cuab yeej siv lub neej ntev tshaj plaws thiab kev ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws.
1. Kev sib txuam ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm cov cuab yeej txiav thiab cov khoom siv machining
Cov cuab yeej ua tau zoo sib piv cov teeb meem ntawm cov cuab yeej txiav thiab cov khoom siv machining feem ntau yog hais txog kev sib txuam ntawm cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm xws li lub zog, toughness, thiab hardness ntawm cov cuab yeej thiab cov khoom ua haujlwm. Cov cuab yeej txiav cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov khoom siv sib txawv yog tsim rau kev ua cov khoom sib txawv.
① The hardness order of tool materials is: diamond tools>cubic boron nitride tools>ceramic tools>hard alloys>high-speed hlau.
② The order of bending strength of tool materials is: high-speed steel>hard alloy>ceramic tools>pob zeb diamond thiab cubic boron nitride cov cuab yeej.
③ The order of toughness of tool materials is: high-speed steel>hard alloy>cubic boron nitride, pob zeb diamond, thiab cov cuab yeej ceramic.
High hardness workpiece cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau ua tiav nrog cov hardness siab dua cov cuab yeej txiav, thiab cov hardness ntawm cov cuab yeej txiav yuav tsum siab tshaj ntawm cov khoom siv workpiece, feem ntau yuav tsum tau hardness ntawm 60HRC los yog siab dua. Qhov siab dua qhov hardness ntawm cov khoom siv, qhov zoo dua nws hnav tsis kam. Piv txwv li, raws li cov ntsiab lus cobalt nyob rau hauv hard alloys nce, lawv lub zog thiab toughness nce, thaum hardness txo, ua rau lawv haum rau ntxhib machining; Thaum cov ntsiab lus cobalt txo qis, nws hardness thiab hnav tsis kam nce, ua rau nws haum rau precision machining.
Cov cuab yeej nrog cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm kub kub zoo heev yog tshwj xeeb yog tsim rau kev kub ceev txiav. Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov cuab yeej txiav ceramic ua rau lawv txiav ntawm qhov kev kub ceev, thiab qhov kev tso cai txiav ceev tuaj yeem nce ntxiv los ntawm 2-10 zaug piv rau cov alloys nyuaj.
2. Sib piv cov khoom ntawm lub cev ntawm cov cuab yeej txiav thiab cov khoom siv machining
Cov cuab yeej nrog lub cev sib txawv, xws li cov cuab yeej siv high-speed steel nrog cov thermal conductivity thiab qis melting point, cov cuab yeej ceramic nrog siab melting point thiab thermal expansion, thiab pob zeb diamond cov cuab yeej nrog thermal conductivity thiab thermal expansion, yog haum rau kev sib txawv. cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm. Thaum ua cov khoom ua haujlwm nrog cov thermal conductivity tsis zoo, cov khoom siv nrog cov thermal conductivity zoo yuav tsum tau siv los hloov cov cua sov sai sai thiab txo qhov kub thiab txias. Pob zeb diamond, vim nws qhov siab thermal conductivity thiab thermal diffusion tus nqi, nws yooj yim rau dissipate tej tshav kub thiab tsis tsim thermal deformation tseem ceeb, uas yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau precision machining cov cuab yeej uas yuav tsum tau high dimensional raug.
① Qhov kub thiab txias ntawm ntau yam khoom siv txiav: 700-8000C rau cov cuab yeej txiav pob zeb diamond, 13000-15000C rau PCBN cov cuab yeej txiav, 1100-12000C rau cov cuab yeej txiav ceramic, 900-11000C rau TiC (N) raws hard alloys, 800-9000C rau WC raws li ultrafine grain hard alloys, thiab 600-7000C rau HSS.
② The thermal conductivity order of various tool materials is: PCD>PCBN>WC based hard alloy>TiC (N) based hard alloy>HSS>Si3N4 based ceramic>A1203 raws li ceramic.
③ The order of thermal expansion coefficients for various tool materials is: HSS>WC based hard alloy>TiC (N)>A1203 based ceramic>PCBN>Si3N4 based ceramic>PCD.
④ The order of thermal shock resistance of various tool materials is: HSS>WC based hard alloy>Si3N4 based ceramic>PCBN>PCD>TiC (N) based hard alloy>A1203 raws li ceramic.
3. Kev sib txuam ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov khoom siv txiav thiab cov khoom siv machining
Cov tshuaj lom neeg ua tau zoo sib piv cov teeb meem ntawm kev txiav cov cuab yeej thiab cov khoom siv machining feem ntau yog hais txog kev sib txuam ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg xws li tshuaj lom neeg, tshuaj lom neeg, diffusion, thiab kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv ua haujlwm. Cov cuab yeej txiav nrog cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv yog tsim rau kev ua cov khoom sib txawv.
① The temperature resistance of various cutting tool materials to adhesion (compared to steel) is as follows: PCBN>ceramic>hard alloy>HSS.
② The oxidation resistance temperature of various tool materials is as follows: ceramic>PCBN>hard alloy>diamond>HSS.
③ The diffusion strength of different cutting tool materials (for steel) is: diamond>Si3N4 based ceramics>PCBN>A1203 based ceramics. The diffusion intensity (for titanium) is: A1203 based ceramics>PCBN>SiC>Si3N4>pob zeb diamond.
4. Tsim nyog xaiv cov khoom siv CNC
Feem ntau hais lus, PCBN, ceramic txiav cov cuab yeej, coated hard alloys, thiab TiCN raws li nyuaj alloy txiav cov cuab yeej tsim nyog rau CNC machining ntawm cov hlau dub xws li hlau; PCD cov cuab yeej tsim nyog rau kev ua cov ntaub ntawv tsis-ferrous hlau xws li Al, Mg, Cu, nrog rau lawv cov alloys thiab cov khoom tsis yog hlau. Cov lus hauv qab no teev qee cov khoom siv ua haujlwm uas tsim nyog rau kev ua nrog cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov cuab yeej.
Qee cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv txiav